For The Women: Angry? Depressed? Is It PMS or PMDD?


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Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is not the same as premenstrual syndrome (PMS). It's not the same as depression. But PMDD shares characteristics with both.

PMDD is more severe. Up to 75 percent of women report some changes around their periods - including bloating and irritability. PMS usually isn't diagnosed unless symptoms are serious enough to interfere with a woman's life. About 30 to 40 percent of women have PMS.

Between 3 and 7 percent of these women have PMDD. Women with PMDD always report severe depression, anxiety, or other mood changes in addition to physical symptoms. Their symptoms are more severe. While PMS may interfere with a women's life, PMDD is often debilitating.

Also women with PMS often respond well to self-care strategies. Women with PMDD may gain some relief from these strategies, but they usually need prescription medication before they feel significantly better.

The mood changes associated with PMDD only occur around a woman's menstrual cycle. Women with clinical depression experience no relief from their mood changes over the course of the month.

Researchers believe that PMDD may be linked to depression or anxiety disorders. Evidence suggests that many women with PMDD who aren't treated go on to develop full-fledged depression.

Although the cause of PMDD is still unknown, doctors use a list of symptoms to diagnose it. The symptoms should occur during the week before a women's period and last for a few days after her period starts. To have PMDD, a women must have five or more of the following symptoms, including at least one of the first four listed:

• Deep depression
• Severe tension or anxiety
• Anger or irritability
• Unexplained sadness or crying that comes suddenly
• Lack of interest in usual activities
• Trouble concentrating
• Tiredness
• Food cravings or chances in appetite
• Sleep problems
• Feeling overwhelmed
• Physical symptoms - including sore breasts, headaches, joint or muscle pain, or weight gain

Treatment usually includes prescription antidepressants during certain times of the month. At least 60 percent of women find relief with these medicines. Hormonal therapies can also help.

Some self care strategies include:

1. Reduce intake of caffeine and alcohol.
2. Try eating small, frequent meals.
3. Refrain from salty foods.
4. Get regular exercise.
5. Try over-the-counter painkillers.
6. Relax regularly.

Copyright © Neil Harper
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